『双语』政治、宗教与性，都跟IQ有关？（二）

英文版（CNN）	xeonic版	大嘴外语培训版
“The adoption of some evolutionarily novel ideas makes some sense in terms of moving the species forward,” said George Washington University leadership professor James Bailey, who was not involved in the study. “It also makes perfect sense that more intelligent people — people with, sort of, more intellectual firepower — are likely to be the ones to do that.”	用一些进化新观点“推动物种进步”就解释得通了，未参与此研究的华盛顿大学James Bailey教授说，更加合理的解释是，比较聪明的人，那些有更多智慧力量的家伙，会更倾向于采取这样的（专一）策略。	“如果说人类采纳进化学方面一些新颖的研究结果在推动物种发展方面有一定意义。” 未参与该项研究的乔治华盛顿大学客座教授James Bailey说，“那么较高智商的人群—即智商分值较高的人–可能在推进人类发展方面具有更大的意义。”
Bailey also said that these preferences may stem from a desire to show superiority or elitism, which also has to do with IQ. In fact, aligning oneself with “unconventional” philosophies such as liberalism or atheism may be “ways to communicate to everyone that you’re pretty smart,” he said.	Bailey同时解释道这些特性也可能是源自（雄性个体）想显示其优越性或精英地位的动机，这当然也和IQ有关，事实上，看齐不因循守旧的哲人如自由主义者或无神论者也许最能传递给他人这样的信号“我聪明绝顶。”	Bailey还说这些非传统的行为可能源于人类表现自我优势的强烈欲望，而这种欲望程度也与智商高低有关。实际上，给自己灌输“反传统”哲学观念，如自由主义或无神论，也许是向大家传达“我很聪明”这一信息的宣传方式。
The study looked at a large sample from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, which began with adolescents in grades 7-12 in the United Statesduring the 1994-95 school year. The participants were interviewed as 18- to 28-year-olds from 2001 to 2002. The study also looked at the General Social Survey, another cross-national data collection source.	此项研究着眼于来自于National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health)的大量样本，从1994-95学年7-12年级的青少年开始，随后在2001至2002间，对已经18-28岁的他们进行了回访测试。研究同时纳入了通常的社会调研方式，这样可以获得跨国的数据样本。	该项研究查看了大量 “全国青少年健康纵向调查”1994-95年间美国针对年龄段在7-12岁之间的青少年做调查的数据信息。2001至2002年间采访当年参与调查的青少年的时候他们已经是18-28岁的成年人了。同时还参考了另一跨国数据库—“全国美国综合社会调查”的数据信息。
Kanazawa did not find that higher or lower intelligence predicted sexual exclusivity in women. This makes sense, because having one partner has always been advantageous to women, even thousands of years ago, meaning exclusivity is not a “new” preference. For men, on the other hand, sexual exclusivity goes against the grain evolutionarily. With a goal of spreading genes, early men had multiple mates. Since women had to spend nine months being pregnant, and additional years caring for very young children, it made sense for them to want a steady mate to provide them resources.	Kanazawa没有发现可以由女性智力的高低来 预测其专一性.这容易理解，因为拥有固定的一个伴侣对女性从来就是个优势策略，哪怕几千年前，专一从来不是种“新（演化）的”倾向。 另一方面对于男人来说，专一与 获得进化优势却是相悖的.为了散播基因，早期的男性拥有多个配偶。而女性因为有长达9个月的孕期，及随后的数年要抚养年幼的孩子，对她们来说有一个稳定的配偶，才能保证资源供给的稳定。	Kanazawa未发现女性性专一与否与其智商高低有关。即使在数千年前女性也是保持单一性伴侣对其较有利，说明性专一这种行为对于女性来说并不“新潮”，因此这一结论说得通。另一方面对男性而言性专一违背进化规则。人类早期男性为了传宗接代，同时有多个性伴侣。女性必需经历十月怀胎，紧接着要花费几年光阴照顾幼小的婴儿；因此可以理解女性为了母子生存需要倚靠于单一固定伴侣为其提供生活资源。
Religion, the current theory goes, did not help people survive or reproduce necessarily, but goes along the lines of helping people to be paranoid, Kanazawa said. Assuming that, for example, a noise in the distance is a signal of a threat helped early humans to prepare in case of danger. “It helps life to be paranoid, and because humans are paranoid, they become more religious, and they see the hands of God everywhere,”Kanazawa said.	宗教信仰，以现今的理论走向， 对帮助人类生存与繁衍倒不是必需的，而是使得人们趋向偏执，Kanazawa说，我们举个例子，远处的声响是个危险信号，帮助早期的人类预防危险。 “宗教使得生活趋向偏执，恰因这些 人偏执，他们对宗教就越发虔诚，以至于觉得处处都能看到神迹。”Kanazawa说。	Kanazawa说：“依照现行理论，过去宗教在人类生存或繁衍方面并没有起到必然的辅助作用，但是它却是促使人类多疑妄想必不可少的催化剂。”假设，例如人类早期通过将远处传来的声音作为危险讯号令其进入警觉防备状态。“这使得人类时常处于假想的危险生活中，且正是因为人类疑神疑鬼，所以越来越迷信宗教，无处不见上帝的双手。”Kanazawa如是说。
Participants who said they were atheists had an average IQ of 103 in adolescence, while adults who said they were religious averaged 97, the study found. “Atheism “allows someone to move forward and speculate on life without any concern for the dogmatic structure of a religion,” Bailey said.	从调查样本数据看，声称自己 是无神论者的孩子，青春期时平均IQ为103分，而成年后声称有宗教信仰的，则为平均97分。	研究发现，参与调查自称是无神论者的青少年的IQ平均值为103分，而自称有宗教信仰的成年人仅为97分。Bailey说：“无神论可以使人们抛开宗教教条的束缚，勇往直前追求理想的生活。”
“Historically, anything that’s new and different can be seen as a threat in terms of the religious beliefs; almost all religious systems are about permanence,” he noted.	“史上任何新兴或轨迹不同的事件，都可能被认为是宗教信仰的威胁，几乎所有的宗教系统都期求永恒不变，”他写道。	他还特别提到：“在历史上，任何与众不同的新生事物都会被视为对宗教信仰的威胁；几乎所有宗教系统都是永恒不变的。”

（待续）